Forklifts are essential in warehouses, construction sites, factories, and logistics hubs, as they allow efficient lifting and transportation of heavy loads. However, improper use can result in accidents, property damage, and serious injuries. That’s why understanding proper operation and safety practices is crucial for both operators and employers.
1. Basic Forklift Operations
- Pre-Operation Inspection – Check brakes, steering, horn, lights, tires, forks, and fluid levels before use.
- Load Handling – Ensure the load is balanced, secured, and within the forklift’s rated capacity.
- Traveling – Always keep forks low to the ground when moving, maintain a safe speed, and be cautious around pedestrians.
- Parking – Lower forks to the ground, set parking brake, and turn off the engine when not in use.
2. Safety Practices for Operators
- Certification & Training – Operators should undergo formal training and certification as required by regulations (e.g., OSHA in the US, HSE in the UK).
- Use of Seatbelts & PPE – Always wear a seatbelt and, when required, personal protective equipment such as hard hats, steel-toe boots, and high-visibility vests.
- Awareness of Surroundings – Continuously monitor blind spots, intersections, and pedestrian areas.
- Speed Control – Drive at a safe speed, especially when turning or operating on uneven surfaces.
- Load Visibility – If the load obstructs view, drive in reverse rather than forward.
3. Common Hazards and How to Prevent Them
- Tip-Overs – Avoid sharp turns, overloading, or uneven terrain to prevent the forklift from tipping.
- Falling Loads – Always secure loads properly and never exceed capacity.
- Collisions – Maintain safe distances, use horns at blind spots, and follow site traffic rules.
- Pedestrian Safety – Establish designated pedestrian walkways and keep forklifts out of high foot-traffic zones.
4. Workplace Safety Practices
- Clear Signage – Mark forklift-only areas and pedestrian zones.
- Maintenance & Inspection – Schedule regular maintenance to keep forklifts in good condition.
- Lighting & Visibility – Ensure warehouses and work areas are well-lit.
- Emergency Procedures – Train operators and staff on accident response, including first aid and evacuation.
5. Key Regulations
- In the US – OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) enforces training and safety requirements.
- In the UK – HSE (Health and Safety Executive) provides guidance on lift truck safety.
- In the EU – Employers must comply with EN safety standards and local labor laws.
✅ Conclusion: Safe forklift operation is not just about efficiency but also about protecting lives and property. With proper training, regular inspections, and strict adherence to safety rules, most forklift-related accidents can be prevented.